HBCU Money™ Business Book Feature – Language: The Cultural Tool

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A bold and provocative study that presents language not as an innate component of the brain—as most linguists do—but as an essential tool unique to each culture worldwide.

For years, the prevailing opinion among academics has been that language is embedded in our genes, existing as an innate and instinctual part of us. But linguist Daniel Everett argues that, like other tools, language was invented by humans and can be reinvented or lost. He shows how the evolution of different language forms—that is, different grammar—reflects how language is influenced by human societies and experiences, and how it expresses their great variety.

For example, the Amazonian Pirahã put words together in ways that violate our long-held under-standing of how language works, and Pirahã grammar expresses complex ideas very differently than English grammar does. Drawing on the Wari’ language of Brazil, Everett explains that speakers of all languages, in constructing their stories, omit things that all members of the culture understand. In addition, Everett discusses how some cultures can get by without words for numbers or counting, without verbs for “to say” or “to give,” illustrating how the very nature of what’s important in a language is culturally determined.

Combining anthropology, primatology, computer science, philosophy, linguistics, psychology, and his own pioneering—and adventurous—research with the Amazonian Pirahã, and using insights from many different languages and cultures, Everett gives us an unprecedented elucidation of this society-defined nature of language. In doing so, he also gives us a new understanding of how we think and who we are.

HBCU Money™ Dozen Links 4/15 – 4/19

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Did you miss HBCU Money™ Dozen via Twitter? No worry. We are now putting them on the site for you to visit at your leisure.

Government Departments

How Thick Is The Earth’s Crust? l USGS http://ow.ly/kfgqW

New educational content about past and present designs of Federal Reserve notes l US Currency http://newmoney.gov

Video: How can the South Pole help us better understand how the universe will evolve? l Argonne

Tiny chip provides precise GPS navigation without the GPS l Government Computer News http://ow.ly/keSwp

Sign Language Device Improves Two-Way Communication l NSF http://ow.ly/kc9Aq

NSF Invites News Media to Apply for Opportunity to Report From Antarctica l NSF http://t.co/1spj8y73dM

Federal Reserve, Central Banks, & Financial Departments

What can be learned from community banks that performed well during the financial crisis? l St. Louis Fed

Crowdfunding becomes real estate investment trend l Housing Wire http://goo.gl/fb/Fza1G

The competition between banks and credit unions is not going away l St. Louis Fed http://bit.ly/15pzLYc

Innovation is happening within Latin America: Take a look at the following infographic l World Economic Forum http://ow.ly/kfhLX

Pay for Success: Understanding the Risk Trade-offs l San Francisco Fed http://t.co/bxGIotLRLs

How can we develop a sound rental housing market for the millions that need safe & affordable shelter? l World Bank http://bit.ly/WbrQtq

Thank you as always for joining us on Saturday for HBCU Money™ Dozen. The 12 most important government and central bank articles of the week.

The HBCU Money™ Weekly Market Watch

Our Money Matters /\ April 19, 2013

NAME TICKER PRICE (GAIN/LOSS %)

African American Publicly Traded Companies

Citizens Bancshares Georgia (CZBS) $6.02 (0.33% UP)

Radio One (ROIA) $1.59 (0.00% UNCH)

African Stock Exchanges

Bourse Regionale des Valeurs Mobilieres (BRVM)  191.84 (0.23% DN)

Botswana Stock Exchange (BSE)  8 627.57 (0.17% UP)

Ghana Stock Exchange (GSE)  1 768.23 (47.39% UP)*

Nairobi Stock Exchange (NSE)  119.46 (N/A)

Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) 38 422.21 (1.50% UP)

International Stock Exchanges

New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) 8 966.41 (0.51% UP)

London Stock Exchange (LSE)  3 314.00 (0.65% UP)

Tokyo Stock Exchange (TOPIX)  1 126.67 (0.33% UP)

Commodities

Gold 1 399.40 (0.50% UP)

Oil 88.10 (0.42% UP)

*Ghana Stock Exchange shows current year to date movement. All others daily.

All quotes reported as of 1:00 PM Eastern Time Zone

Just How Much Is Apple’s $137 Billion Cash Pile (Updated)

By William A. Foster, IV

“Cash is king.” – Unknown

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It was last July that I first did this narrative. At the time Apple, Inc. was sitting on $117 billion and has since added another $20 billion to its coffers. This has stirred a mass of controversy amongst shareholders who believe the company is simply hoarding the cash that could be put to better use.

Let’s compare the amount of Apple’s cash holdings to a few things:

If divided over all 300 million men, women, and children in America – each would receive a check for $456.67.

If divided over the 40 million men, women, and children who are African American – each would receive a check for $3 425.00 (it should be noted that coming out of the Great Recession the African American median net worth was $2 170 according to the Economic Policy Institute).

It is 4.5 times the size of Harvard’s endowment (largest HWCU endowment and largest U.S. college endowment) and 297.8 times the size of Howard’s endowment (largest HBCU endowment). In July, those numbers for Harvard and Howard were 3.7 and 216.7 times their endowments, respectively.

It is 304.4 times the size of all HBCU research budgets combined. Previously, 265.9 times the size of HBCU research budgets.

It is 9.1 times the size of Jamaica’s GDP (previously 7.8 times) and 18.6 times the size Haiti’s GDP (previously 15.9).

It is 8.6% of Africa’s entire GDP (previously 6.2%).

This is not to take any particular shot at Apple. It just happens to be the company with the largest corporate cash holdings at the time. U.S. companies last year had a record $1.45 trillion in cash sitting outside of the U.S., according to Moody’s. It is 91% of the GDP of entire Africa and larger than the buying power of African America which is currently $1.1 trillion.

We’re talking “straight cash, homey” as Randy Moss said once.

Disclaimer: There is no ownership of any of the companies mentioned in this article by myself, my business, or my family as of this article’s publishing.

The HBCUpreneur Corner – Delaware State University’s Chris Stevens & Stevens Communications & Consulting

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Name: Chris Stevens

Alma Mater: Delaware State University, Class of 2007

Business Name & Description: Stevens Communications & Consulting (stevenscommcons.com), a multi-media business specializing in assistance with writing/editing, social media management and consulting for small businesses, as well as producing an internet radio show/podcast, “All Subjects Everything.” We also have advertising space open on the show, which is $10 per week or $40 per month for anyone who wants to advertise their business/organization/event on our show.

What year did you found your company? 2012

What was the most exciting and/or fearful moment during your HBCUpreneur career? Actually just getting started. It’s been an ongoing process these first 9 months as I’ve had to re-assess everything I thought I knew about the media industry and most important of all, myself. A social introvert starting a business that thrives on interpersonal communication has been a harrowing experience, but a necessary step.

What made you want to start your own company? I worked as a sports reporter for community newspapers for 5 years and I didn’t like the direction the business was going in as well as I wanted to do my own thing and not have to answer to anyone but myself and my clients/customers. So I took the things I knew best (social media, writing, editing) and decided to strike out on my own.

Who was the most influential person/people for you during your time in college? Two professors for different reasons. Dr. Yohuru Williams, who is now at Fairfield University, and DeWayne Wickham, a syndicated columnist with USA Today, who was a scholar-in-residence at DSU for a while. Dr. Williams gave me the courage and confidence to be a student of life, just to keep learning and incorporate what you’ve learned into whatever you’re doing in life while Professor Wickham showed me how vital networking is and I’m still putting those lessons about “who you know” into practice.

How do you handle complex problems? For me, asking questions is vital. You never want to have misunderstanding or miscommunication with a client or customer, so you always ask questions to make sure you have everything tailored to their needs and if you fall short, keep trying until you get it right. My first client, I did some serious re-writing for and it was a fun and challenging experience that let me know that this wasn’t going to be easy, but it would be rewarding.

What is something you wish you had known prior to starting your company? Never a good idea to start cold. If you’re starting a business, be sure to save some money and be in a position to weather some rough times. I left my job thinking I could apply my knowledge and start off well. I’ve had some lean periods because of that, but I wouldn’t change the journey because I get to share that experience now and hopefully someone else will learn from the mistakes I’ve made.

What do you believe HBCUs can do to spur more innovation and entrepreneurship while their students are in school either as undergraduate or graduate students? Certainly one way is to show them the perils of traditional employment. You can see it everyday – people who give their all to improve someone else’s bottom line can find themselves jobless at the drop of a hat. Depending on someone else signing your check to live life is so overrated. Also, HBCUs can draw on their own history as self-starters and self-reliant institutions to foster that spirit of entrepreneurship, that it’s “in the blood,” so to speak.

How do you deal with rejection? I hate rejection in ALL facets of my life, but surprisingly, business rejection is much easier to take because I know it’s not personal. It bothers me, but the key is to keep trying. The no’s are plentiful, but the one or two acceptances you get are your chance to make an impression and set yourself up for something bigger. The key is to keep plugging away. If you believe in your vision and what you’re offering, sooner or later, people will see that and will be willing to help and take a chance on you and your business.

When you have down time how do you like to spend it? I’m always reading, I just finished up “The Warmth of Other Suns” by Isabel Wilkerson which is a phenomenal book about the Great Migration of Blacks from the South to the Midwest, East and West Coasts. I love music also, I blog about music on my personal website (chrisstevenssite.com) from time to time and I love discussing/arguing sports with just about anyone.

What was your most memorable HBCU memory? It’s hard to pinpoint just one because I’ve had so many, so I’ll just say the experience of being a part of the HBCU experience. My own good times at Del State, visiting other HBCUs while working for the Hornet newspaper, it was a special time for me and I’m proud to be a part of HBCU tradition and I will stand for Black Colleges until I can’t stand up anymore. And even then I’ll be shouting for them from my bed or wheelchair.

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In leaving is there any advice you have for budding HBCUpreneurs? A few things to note: Have a vision, be confident in that vision and go for it. You never want to spend the rest of your life wondering “Woulda, coulda, shoulda.” My mother always tells me “nothing beats a failure but a try,” so go for it. If there’s an idea that you have that you think people can benefit from and that you can execute for them, float it out there, prepare yourself for the road ahead and make it happen.