Monthly Archives: March 2014

HBCU Money™ Business Book Feature – Birthing a Slave: Motherhood and Medicine in the Antebellum South

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The deprivations and cruelty of slavery have overshadowed our understanding of the institution’s most human dimension: birth. We often don’t realize that after the United States stopped importing slaves in 1808, births were more important than ever; slavery and the southern way of life could continue only through babies born in bondage.

In the antebellum South, slaveholders’ interest in slave women was matched by physicians struggling to assert their own professional authority over childbirth, and the two began to work together to increase the number of infants born in the slave quarter. In unprecedented ways, doctors tried to manage the health of enslaved women from puberty through the reproductive years, attempting to foster pregnancy, cure infertility, and resolve gynecological problems, including cancer.

Black women, however, proved an unruly force, distrustful of both the slaveholders and their doctors. With their own healing traditions, emphasizing the power of roots and herbs and the critical roles of family and community, enslaved women struggled to take charge of their own health in a system that did not respect their social circumstances, customs, or values. Birthing a Slave depicts the competing approaches to reproductive health that evolved on plantations, as both black women and white men sought to enhance the health of enslaved mothers–in very different ways and for entirely different reasons.

Birthing a Slave is the first book to focus exclusively on the health care of enslaved women, and it argues convincingly for the critical role of reproductive medicine in the slave system of antebellum America.

HBCU Money™ B-School: Johannesburg Stock Exchange Presents The Stock Market For Beginners

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Johannesburg Stock Exchange provides online education for those who want to get a fundamental education needed to engage in the stock market. This presentation gives a basic overview of terms and other explanations that the beginning swimmer should have before jumping in the proverbial ocean of investing. For all of JSE’s online courses please visit http://www.jse.co.za or check back in with HBCU Money as we will continue to post links to them. Click on the picture above to launch the presentation.

Southern University Dominates HBCU Credit Unions; National Opportunity Continues To Be Missed

By William A. Foster, IV

Capacity never lacks opportunity. It cannot remain undiscovered because it is sought by too many anxious to use it. — Bourke Cockran

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The recent release of HBCU Money’s inaugural African American Credit Union Directory gave us some very unexpected information. There are nine HBCU-based credit unions that control a combined $82.2 million in assets and 15 885 in members. For comparison, Navy Federal Credit Union, America’s largest has $56 billion in assets and 4 million members. Some time ago, I wrote on what forming a national HBCU credit union would look like and why it should be a reality. As it turns out, much of the infrastructure for this reality is already in place.

  1. Southern Teachers & Parents (LA) – $29.0 million
  2. Florida A&M University (FL) – $20.6 million
  3. Howard University Employees (DC) – $11.4 million
  4. Virginia State University (VA) – $10.6 million
  5. Prairie View (TX) – $5.0 million
  6. Savastate Teachers (GA) – $3.6 million
  7. Tennessee State University  (TN) – $1.4 million
  8. Shaw University (NC) – $0.5 million
  9. Langston (OK) – $0.1 million

If the HBCU Credit Union became a reality and the nine merged, then instantly it becomes the eleventh largest African American credit union in the United States by both assets and membership. This is before Prairie View’s credit union even opens its doors to taking on student accounts, which it is set to do in the next year or two and could potentially push the deposit base close to a combined $90 million. Even more important, the HBCU Credit Union would be the only African American deposit financial institution with a multi-state footprint other than One United Bank. With a solid deposit base underneath it, product expansion could be felt across all nine credit unions and done so at a cheaper cost than going at it alone. The lack of products at HBCU-based credit unions has been a chief complaint of why so little deposits seem to remain in them. Everything from better web-presence, mobile banking, investment products, and small business loans could be rolled out in scale.

The most important part of the formation of this credit union remains the HBCUs themselves. Not one HBCU currently banks with an African American financial institution to the best of my knowledge. If the institutions themselves were to come on board, then the deposit base could easily be in the billions. Especially, if one includes the possibility of bringing in organizational accounts like the Divine 9, UNCF, Thurgood Marshall Fund, and other HBCU-related organizations. For HBCUs, this would have the benefit of actually increasing its ability to maintain a financial connection with their alumni and increase alumni giving. The alumni giving platform could be connected with their account. A move such as this would also create opportunities for graduates, internships, and HBCUs becoming more integrated into the African American institutional ecosystem, and not continuing to act independent of it.

Economies of scale. Economies of scale. Economies of scale. Maybe, if I repeat it three times it will take root. This is something that the African American economy has lacked and continues to lack with any of its businesses or organizations. Scale allows you to drive down repetitive cost while being able to offer more because you are no longer paying for nine CEOs just one. And there in lies the hurdle that must be overcome. Many in African American organizations, because opportunities are so limited outside of our ecosystem hold on tightly anytime they achieve a position of prominence within our ecosystem. We are more than excited to stroke our ego to be a big fish in a little pond, when we could be a part of building something that could put us in the middle of an ocean of opportunities for everyone. Despite its aborting impact on the development of our community’s economic health it seems willingness to take such a bold and courageous step is hard to find. The dream of a national HBCU credit union will march on because the need and opportunities it could create are perpetual. However, like a dream deferred I hope it will not dry up like a raisin in the sun.

America’s 2013 Top 10 College Donations

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In the world of philanthropy there are two types of donors that development offices love. High-quality donors who give consistently and over their lifetime will probably give six to seven figures of donations. Often these donors leave the bulk of their donation through their estate. The second are transformative donors who can change the paradigm of an entire institution with one donation. These donors are masters of their universe with the wealth and power they wield and often the barons of their particular industry. Donations from transformative donors range from eight to nine figures.

The top 10 donors of 2013 to colleges and universities  were definitely transformative. Led by Phil and Penelope Knight, owners of Nike, gave $500 million to Phil’s alma mater. An amount greater than the school’s entire endowment and with the condition that the school match his donation within two years. WOW.

ABOUT THE DONATIONS:

Total Giving Combined – $2.5 Billion

Median Donation – $110 Million

Average Donation -$168 Million

The combined donations are 25 percent greater than all HBCU endowments combined.

ABOUT THE DONORS:

Total Net Worth Combined – $113.9 Billion

Median Net Worth – $6.2 Billion

Average Net Worth – $8.1 Billion

12 of the 15 donors reside in either California or New York.

12 of the 15 donors made their wealth in either finance, investments, or real estate.

1. Philip (pictured above) & Penelope Knight – $500 Million

Recipient: Oregon Health & Science University

Source of Wealth: Manfacturing

Net Worth: $18.4 Billion

2. Michael R. Bloomberg – $350 Million

Recipient: The John Hopkins University

Source of Wealth: Media & Entertainment

Net Worth: $33 Billion

3. Charles B. Johnson – $250 Million

Recipient: Yale University

Source of Wealth: Finance

Net Worth: $7.5 Billion

4. Stephen M. Ross – $200 Million

Recipient: University of Michigan at Ann Arbor

Source of Wealth: Real Estate

Net Worth: $5.4 Billion

5. Muriel Block – $160 Million

Recipient: Yeshiva University, Albert Einstein College of Medicine

Source of Wealth: Real Estate

Net Worth: Deceased

6. John Arrillaga – $151 Million

Recipient: Stanford University

Source of Wealth: Real Estate

Net Worth: $1.9 Billion

7. Irwin M. & Joan K. Jacobs – $133 Million

Recipient: Cornell Tech

Source of Wealth: Telecommunications

Net Worth: $1.8 Billion

8. Charles T. Munger – $ 110 Million

Recipient: University of Michigan at Ann Arbor

Source of Wealth: Investments

Net Worth: $1.1 Billion

9T. Eli & Edythe Broad – $100 Million

Recipient: Harvard University, Broad Institute

Source of Wealth: Finance & Real Estate

Net Worth: $6.9 Billion

9T. T. Denny Sanford – $100 Million

Recipient: University of California at San Diego

Source of Wealth: Finance

Net Worth: $900 Million

9T. Frank H. McCourt – $100 Million

Recipient: Georgetown University

Source of Wealth: Finance & Real Estate

Net Worth: $1.7 Billion

9T. Sanford & Joan Weill – $100 Million

Recipient: Weill Medical College of Cornell University

Source of Wealth: Finance

Net Worth: N/A

9T. Ronald Perelman – $100 Million

Recipient: Columbia Business School

Source of Wealth: Finance & Investments

Net Worth: $14 Billion

9T. Stephen Schwarzman – $100 Million

Recipient: Tsinghua University (China)

Source of Wealth: Investments

Net Worth: $10 Billion

10. David Tepper – $67 Million

Recipient: Carnegie Mellon University

Source of Wealth: Finance & Investments

Net Worth: $10 Billion

African America’s February Unemployment Report – 12.0%

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Overall Unemployment: 6.7% (6.6%)

African America Unemployment: 12.0% (12.1%)

Latino America Unemployment: 8.1% (8.4%)

European America Unemployment: 5.8% (5.7%)

Asian America Unemployment: 6.0% (4.8%)

Previous month in parentheses.

Analysis: Overall unemployment rate rose 10 basis points. Both African America and Latino America saw declines in their unemployment rates of 10 and 30 basis points, respectively. Asian and European America saw increases of 120 and 10 basis points, respectively. With such a dramatic rise in Asian America’s unemployment rate, for the first time in a long time, European America now has the lowest unemployment rate in the country. African America remains the only group with a double digit unemployment rate.

African American Male Unemployment: 12.9% (12.0%)

African American Female Unemployment: 9.9% (10.4%)

African American Teenage Unemployment: 32.4% (38.0%)

African American Male Participation: 66.6% (66.2%)

African American Female Participation: 61.9% (61.5%)

African American Teenage Participation: 24.9% (26.4%)

Previous month in parentheses.

Analysis: Unemployment rates for females and teenagers saw declines of 50 and 560 basis points, respectively. Males saw an increase of 90 basis points in their unemployment rate. Participation rates for both males and females increased by 40 basis points for both groups. The teenage group saw its participation rate drop by 150 basis points.

Conclusion: The overall economy added 175 000 jobs. African America picked up 106 000 jobs. The female and teenage groups both netted positive job gains with the groups picking up 106 000 and 12 000 jobs, respectively. African American males lost 14 000 jobs, but still hold on to their second highest number of employed in the past five months. Unfortunately, the employment-population ratio is at its lowest in the past five months as well. African American women broke out hitting five month highs in participation rate, employment-population ratio, and number of employed. As a group, African American women continue to shoulder the burden of income and labor in African America. This month has the largest gap between the male-female employed numbers, with women holding 1.3 million more jobs. The teenage group sees a significant drop in its unemployment rate, but sees its labor force at its lowest in five months, its employed numbers at its second lowest, and participation rate at its lowest as well over the past five months. Overall, African American employment is at its highest mark in the past five months, but it is completely relying on the shoulders of the female group as the male and teenage groups continue to be frozen out of employment.