Category Archives: Editorial

Black Enterprise Fails To Lead With Journalistic Integrity After Not Crediting HBCU Money Article On Ann Kroenke

By William A. Foster, IV

No man ever yet became great by imitation. – Samuel Johnson

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I was in second grade when I did my first book report. The class went to the library during the day and picked out our books and I chose Fraggle Rock to do my report on. Upon arriving home my mother as was customary had me and my sister sit down at the table to do our homework while she prepared dinner. I was excited about my book report, but there was just one problem – I had no idea what a book report entailed. Not bothering to ask I just started copying the book verbatim and I was about halfway through the book when my mother came to check on my progress. My mother asked me what I was doing and I of course told her my book report. Realizing I was just copying every word in the book she realized that perhaps I had not been properly instructed or did not understand exactly what a book report was. She talked to me about plagiarism or in second grade comprehension “copying” other people’s work and how it was not allowed. This was as they say a learning moment because beyond just explaining plagiarism to me she also talked to me about integrity, ethics, and the hard work that both the author and illustrator put into the book, and that it is always important to acknowledge people’s efforts. My mother being who she is had me to complete my first works cited page.

HBCU Money is a startup financial journalism multimedia company. There are no full-time writers and the site itself is still currently in a blog style format. I secure guest writers and try to be very creative producing original content like The HBCUpreneur Corner, one of the site’s more popular series that interviews HBCU entrepreneurs. The site is largely financed through bootstrapping and reinvesting the pence that the site currently receives through ad revenue. A primary reason for the blog style format is that its free and an extensive site overhaul has not been in the budget. Focusing on quality content has been. HBCU Money will not even turn three years old for another four months. While the site recently achieved the 100 000 views milestone, HBCU Money is by no means busting at the bandwidth in terms of readership. Our social media presence is limited to less than 1 000 followers and the Facebook page has less than 200. Despite all these resource limitations my mother’s lesson is soundly within me with all content that is produced. Sources are extensively fact checked and credit is always given when quoting others work. The fundamentals or basics you learn in high school english 101 and as a college freshmen in your english composite class. Things that I believe will be in this company’s DNA as it grows and a culture I will fight fiercely to ensure are well rooted into anyone who comes to work for this company.

Recently, I was working on a piece on education demographics of America’s 100 wealthiest and I happen upon Mrs. Ann Kroenke. Her Forbes profile listed her school as Lincoln University. As you may or may not know there are three Lincoln Universities in the United States and two are HBCUs. I could have just assumed that she went to the Lincoln University in Missouri because she lives in Missouri. Instead, I decided to do what you were suppose to do and that is contact a credible source. I did so by contacting the registrar’s office at LUM, which I chose first because most signs pointed to it being the most likely one. I received verification from the school that yes I had the right person.  This is a huge story. In fact, the morning I was breaking this story a fellow journapreneur Jarrett Carter, owner and publisher of HBCU Digest, said to me, “I hope your server is tight. I am sure this post will go global. Don’t let your site melt.”  I knew the story was big. For decades, Oprah Winfrey had been held up as HBCU’s wealthiest and only billionaire HBCU alumn. Now, I was about to tell HBCU Nation that was incorrect and the true wealthiest HBCU alum is a Walton, owners’ of the Walmart Empire, and an European American woman. I felt fairly certain that the HBCU Digest would pick up the story as one of its primary objectives is to operate as a curation resource for HBCU news and information. However, I never had any doubts that Jarrett and his staff would acknowledge our role in breaking the story. As the picture below shows that is exactly what they did and have always done when curating any of HBCU Money’s articles. Are they required to do this? No, but it is about journalistic integrity. Unfortunately, everyone does not seem to share this sense of integrity.  The next day, I decided to do a social media check on twitter just to see how well the article was spreading. Well, it was spreading alright, but it was not spreading from us. One of Black Enterprise’s writers decided to parrot our article and link its source back to Forbes as you see in their picture below, but at no point acknowledge who actually broke the story. Obviously, Black Enterprise has a much larger reach than we do so for all intents and purposes to most consumers it looks as if they broke the story. Again, well within their legal rights to report it as they did, but completely lacking any integrity along the way. HBCU Money is a small print compared to Black Enterprise, Bloomberg, and Forbes in the financial journalism industry. What would it hurt Black Enterprise to give credit to the little guy who put in endless hours to research and break such a story?

HBCU Digest curation of HBCU Money’s article on Ann Kroenke. (below)

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Black Enterprise’s parroting of HBCU Money’s article on Ann Kroenke. (below)

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This situation speaks to the cancer that is in journalism today. The desire to be first or grab whatever story is driving traffic is crumbling the fundamentals of journalistic virtuosity today. You can see it when you watch CNN, Fox, and other major media outlets. Breaking original stories is no longer a priority or building on the established story. Black Enterprise could have interviewed HBCU Money and talked to us about what it was like to break such a story, but they did not. Given they have many times my resources they could have gone to Missouri and potentially interviewed Mrs. Kroenke about our story. Both would have been building upon the story that was out and still have been original on their part. Instead, they chose the apathetic and unimaginative option of parroting our story and driving traffic to their site. Black Enterprise could be helping to cultivate a new generation of journalpreneurs like HBCU Digest, HBCUstory, and HBCU Money. It is after all, a company that was founded and owned by an HBCU graduate. Unfortunately, behavior like this makes it questionable that beyond their own limited resources what if any lessons they could share. It also comes across to me as a company attempting to fruitlessly protect its monopoly on African American financial journalism and speaks to an interview Ken Auletta had with Charlie Rose in 2010 where he discussed an interview with Bill Gates. He asked Gates what he was worried about and to Auletta surprise, Gates answer was not being the obvious competitors that Microsoft had at the time, but he said, “I worry about someone  in a garage inventing something I’ve never thought of.” It almost begs the question has journalism as an industry completely lost its way with the advent of blogging. Journalist and news companies are now operating more as bloggers and not as journalist; not looking to produce original stories like that of HBCU Money’s Ann Kroenke or even attempting to research, investigate, and report something that could be among the Brookings Institute’s Ten Noteworthy Moments In U.S. Investigative Journalism. There is an abyss of stories in African America and Diaspora business world that goes uncovered and that not even one company with all its might could cover alone.

Nas came out with an album entitled Hip Hop Is Dead speaking to his frustration of the absence of quality and originality of content within the music genre ten years ago. However, hip-hop was not dead, but the ability to find artist and the accompanying music that had a depth of constitution required a deeper inquiry than in previous generations. As is the case today with journalism it appears; and that is regrettable given how important information and different angles or points of view are to our society. The need for more media ownership in this country goes without saying, and that is especially true for African America, but I believe it to be true for every community. Every community needs to be able to express their point of view and relay information about things that are intimately impacting them. However, with that ownership comes a great responsibility to the pillars that my mother instilled in me at our dinner table that night and that is integrity, ethics, and hard work. If we do not have them as an industry, then we will be relegated to a society of informationally embalmed people instead of the vibrant, progressive, and inquisitive society that we believe we want and should be.

Less Than 1 In 4 HBCU Business School Deans & Chairs Hold HBCU Degree

The most difficult thing in life is to know yourself. — Thales

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Pictured Above: Virginia State University’s Reginald F. Lewis School of Business

In the 1940s, Kenneth and Mamie Clark conducted the legendary doll test. This husband and wife psychologist team put before young African American kids two dolls. One doll was African American and the other European American, then asked the kids which doll they preferred. The children identified the European American doll as the good doll and the African American as the bad doll. A sign that as a community we lacked enough mediums to show our children healthy images of beauty and value within themselves. Carter G. Woodson, famously talks about the African Americans distrust of African American owned banks and doctors due to us believing that we mentally were not capable of achieving such feats. However, when you have an opportunity and a medium to counter such a belief, is there an effort made to ensure it is used, developed, and promoted? If we are to promote HBCU students becoming tomorrow’s HBCU faculty, deans, and presidents, then do we not need to show them that it is not only possible, but wanted?

An internal survey by HBCU Money showed that apparently HBCUs do not believe much in the pipeline they have produced over the years. Our survey showed that only 23 percent of HBCU business school deans and chairs have a degree of any sort from an HBCU. Even further, it showed that only 67 percent of HBCU business school deans and chairs are of African descent. It is saying to our students do not look to your own institutions as an opportunity because we do not believe you are qualified even though we trained you to run our institutions. It also continues to say that we do not understand the purpose of our institutions looking out for our interest. How many understand that HBCU business schools should be tackling the African American unemployment problem? Or the wealth gap due to lack of ownership for African America? Why is it important for African American businesses to bank with African American banks and connect to the overall African Diaspora ecosystem? They run these business schools as if they were just another college. In comparison, a look at Ivy League business schools, excluding Brown and Princeton who do not have business schools, and including some of the premier business schools like Berkley, University of Chicago, Duke, Rice, and Stanford the story is the exact opposite of ours. Of the eleven schools none had a dean of African descent and 9 out of 11 had a degree from one of the 11 schools. That is circulation of intellectual capital. That is truly believing in the product you are producing.

This speaks to a need to increase interconnection between HBCU undergraduate and graduate schools. It is clear we need more Morehouse College and Spelman College graduates making their way into the graduate schools of the likes of Southern University and North Carolina Central University. There is a unique opportunity for HBCUs to teach African Americans how to operate African American institutions and enterprises with a curriculum designed around the specific experiences that we encounter. However, this opportunity is missed as school’s like Johnson C. Smith University are too busy trying to reshape themselves into a “diverse” HBCU. A diversity that is not defined by an increase of African Diaspora citizens from around the world, but instead a diverse definition mimicked by HWCU/PWIs that brain drain the most talented from other communities meanwhile not relinquishing any of the actual power. We on the other hand will give up the entire farm to make others feel included. The group with the least resources shares the most.

It would strongly behoove HBCUs not only in the business schools, but overall to create a program for alumni called Future HBCU Faculty/Leadership  of Tomorrow programs. This would allow for students to get a first hand feel for shadowing a professor, chair, or dean for a day. The HBCU Faculty Development Network could play a large role in facilitating the implementation of such a program on HBCU campuses. If HBCUs claim they can not find qualified HBCU graduates to head up their business schools or can not find professors with HBCU backgrounds, then that means they have not done a good job of developing them. I assume that is not a notion they want to admit to themselves, but one that will continue to cost HBCUs in the long-term dearly.

Without Subsidies, FCS Public HBCU Athletics Losing $130 Million Annually

Humility is a virtue all preach, none practice, and yet everybody is content to hear.  — John Selden

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I needed a word to describe this internal report. The word I ended up settling on was hypovolemic. Healthline.com defines the condition as “Hypovolemic shock, also called hemorrhagic shock, is a life-threatening condition that results when you lose more than 20 percent (one-fifth) of your body’s blood or fluid supply. This severe fluid loss makes it impossible for the heart to pump sufficient blood to your body. Hypovolemic shock can cause many of your organs to fail. The condition requires immediate emergency medical attention in order to survive.” There might not be a better description of the findings of our internal HBCU Money study using NCAA provided data, we were able to get a startling and disturbing look at the athletic departments of public HBCUs athletic departments and their dependency on subsidies. Subsidies reported are a mixture of institutional support, government support, and student fees. Hopefully, this will spark some real conversation and give new light to the debate about whether or not HBCUs as a whole have the means to be athletically competitive long-term or is this a case of poor use of resources that is impairing the overall health of these universities and its students financial health long after they have left their hallowed grounds.

BREAKDOWN BY THE NUMBERS*:

REVENUES

Total: $177.0 million

Median: $7.9 million

Average: $8.0 million

EXPENSES

Total: $178.7 million

Median: $7.9 million

Average: $8.1 million

PROFIT/LOSS

Total: $-1.9 million

Median: $0

Average: $-79 827

SUBSIDY

Total: $126.9 million

Median: $5.5 million

Average: $5.8 million

WITHOUT SUBSIDY PROFIT/LOSS

Total: $-128.6 million

Median:$-5.8 million

Average: $-5.8 million

SUBSIDY % OF REVENUE

Total: 71.7%

Median: 75.0%

Average: 70.9%

*Chicago State University was included in our report of FCS public HBCUs. Considered an HBCU by HBCU Endowment Foundation, the school is a member of WAC, but athletic budget in line with its HBCU brethren.

According to USA Today, “Just 23 of 228 athletics departments at NCAA Division I public schools generated enough money on their own to cover their expenses in 2012. All 23 of the self-sufficient schools are from conferences whose champions automatically qualify for the Bowl Championship Series, which makes sense because that’s where the money is.” That is where the money is. Again, that is where the money is. The FCS public HBCU doing the “best” without a subsidy is Mississippi Valley State University, with a deficit of $2.4 million. In last place, Delaware State University with an egregious $10.5 million deficit without subsidies. With subsidies the most profitable team is Morgan State University at almost $475 000 in the profit column. Florida A&M, as has been reported recently, even with subsidies still manages to run an almost $1.1 million deficit. The report shows that in order for FCS public HBCUs to be able to operate without a subsidy and still produce the $177 million in revenue annually, they would need to set up an endowment of $3 billion. Greater than the sum all HBCUs, public and private, have in their endowment coffers combined. If alumni wanted a number that it would take to make HBCUs athletically competitive this would be it. However, remember this is only for public FCS HBCUs.

I continue to question the strategic investment many HBCUs on this list are currently putting into athletics and not research development or general scholarship. It is not hard to imagine that had FCS private HBCUs been included in the report, these numbers are even more frightening. The FCS public HBCU athletic budgets to research budget ratio approaches 80 percent. Essentially, we are spending $0.80 on athletics for every $1.00 we spend on research. This is unfortunate since all HBCUs do not even breach $500 million combined annually in research. For perspective since we always love to say “well the HWCUs are doing it”, we took a basket of 9 flagship HWCUs in their state and compared their ratio. The schools were University of Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, Michigan, Mississippi, Texas, LSU, and Ohio State. Combined their athletic budgets are $963.2 million, but their research budgets are a combined $6.8 billion or athletics gets $0.14 for every $1.00 research gets.

Too often HBCU alum and students are being sold a fairy tale of the investment in athletics without actually ever seeing numbers and data to support it. We are asked to just have “faith” that our leadership is doing the right thing. This while schools like Jackson State University and Prairie View A&M University are pining to spend $200 million and $60 million, respectively, on athletic complexes. I have been impressed with Paul Quinn and Spelman College’s decision making to use the athletic funds more strategically, which in the long run will have a major benefit on their institutions health. I love athletics as much as the next HBCUer, but I do not love seeing 90 percent of HBCU graduates finishing with debt to subsidize programs that are nowhere near capable of sustaining themselves. Especially when African Americans are struggling to close the wealth gap. If HBCUs believe they are part of the African American ecosystem and not independent of it, then there will be stronger considerations of how we use resources to maximize our ability to close gaps. Remember, the blood loss from hypovolemic shock eventually will cause ALL organs to fail.

 

 

2014′s 25 Highest Paid Hedge Fund Managers – No African Americans, Again

Wealth will set us fucking free, okay? ‘Cause wealth is empowering, wealth can uplift communities from poverty, okay? – Chris Rock

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On May 6th, Institutional Investors’ released its 13th annual ‘Rich List’ highlighting the top 25 earning hedge fund managers. The 2014 list saw a combined earnings of $21 billion, an increase of 50 percent from the prior year, but still comes in as only the fourth highest total in the list 13 years. This year’s list required a minimum earnings of $300 million also a 50 percent increase over last year’s minimum, had an average earnings of $846 million per manager, and saw four hedge fund managers clear the $1 billion earnings mark. The back to back champion is David Tepper, founder of Appaloosa Management, earned $3.5 billion in 2013. To put in perspective just how much he earned, Lee Hawkins reported in 2007 that all African American professional athletes in the NFL, NBA, and MLB combined earned $4 billion. A look at more recent numbers show that the top ten earning African American athletes earned $383.2 million, meanwhile the top ten hedge fund managers brought in $15.7 billion or the athletes earned $0.02 for every $1.00 the hedge fund managers earned.

A few of these hedge fund managers also left their mark in college philanthropy. Paul Tudor Jones and his wife donated $12 million to the University of Virginia according to Philanthropy.com to “create the Contemplative Sciences Center to explore the intersection between modern science and the classical medical and contemplative traditions of Tibet.” Leon Cooperman and his wife made a $25 million donation to Hunter College for their library renovations and to seed a scholarship fund. David Tepper donated $67 million to Carnegie Mellon’s business school in 2013 and Kenneth Griffin, ranked number five on the Rich List, donated $150 million to Harvard College for scholarships, the largest ever donation in the school’s history. These four donations alone in the past 12 months are equivalent to over 12 percent of all HBCU endowments combined. The $254 million between these four donations if they were their own HBCU endowment would rank tied for third among HBCU endowments and equal to almost half of Howard University’s total endowment. Yes, just these four donations.

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The key thing to remember about all of these hedge fund managers is they founded and own their company. Yes, it is finance and investments, but it is also understanding that entrepreneurship and risk taking is what gets rewarded in this economic system. Far too many of us are still thinking in terms of labor and not enough of us are thinking in terms of ownership regardless of the industry. We want to graduate and get a “good” job. Nor does the business if you decide to start one have to be some social business that changes the world. The president of Hampton University owns a bottling company. It is not sexy, but it does employ a great deal of people and allows him and his wife to be financially generous to Hampton time and time again.

Our intellectual capital continues to be poorly distributed as a community. It often seems the only thing that little African American boys and girls believe they can do is entertain others. We are either singing and dancing or chasing a ball of some sort. The lack of hedge fund managers (among a great many other professions) continues to highlight our perplexing relationship to finance. We like the perks of consumption which requires money, but adverse to the real building of wealth and the vehicles like hedge funds that can create paradigm shifts. It is clear we are playing the game, unfortunately we seem to currently be playing it to lose.

American Professional Sports Teams Valued At Combined $92.4 Billion; African American Stake 0.4 Percent

By William A. Foster, IV

Life is all memory, except for the present moment that goes by you so quick you hardly catch it going. — Tennessee Williams

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In 1619, the Dutch introduced the first captured Africans to America. I tend to imagine that in 1819 there was an African standing around saying to himself, “I can not believe this is still happening in the 19th century.” It appears that a year on a calendar is suppose to have some magical power. In 2014, African Americans still stand around and say “I can not believe this is happening in 2014.” Again, they say this as if time has some magic power to make people behave in some way they have not been behaving for the past four hundred years. At some point you wonder if its not them who has the problem, but us who are continuously surprised by it. Do we so desperately want to get along that we ignore the rules of nature? The law of resources and power to ensure survival.

Recently, a NBA owner made some disparaging comment about African Americans. This has been more newsworthy in African America than the 20th anniversary of the Rwandan genocide where 1 million Rwandans were killed in 100 days or 234 Nigerian girls who were kidnapped at gunpoint taking their physics exams. Let that sink in for a minute. African Americans are about to march over something a European American man said, but were virtually silent during the genocide. The team “almost” boycotted a game over a word, but ever since the Jordan-era started in 1984, African American athletes have become increasingly mute on any social issue of substance. That anyone is considering marching over this is a slap in the face for what people actually marched for during the Civil Rights Movement in my humble opinion. Rarely is it remembered that Martin Luther King, Jr.’s last march was about economic empowerment and that he called for African Americans to bank in their own banks, etc.

Almost seventy years after Jackie Robinson unintentionally sealed the fate of African American ownership in professional sports the relationship between African American muscle and European American control of that labor from high school to the pros has become increasingly troubling. Today, there are 141 professional sports teams (NFL, NBA, NHL, & MLS) in America with only 1 African American owner or equal to 0.7 percent. The combined economic value of those teams is $92.4 billion according to Forbes, while African America’s ownership stake in that is 0.4 percent or the $410 million that the Michael Jordan owned Charlotte Bobcats are worth. Jordan’s Bobcats are the only African American owned professional sports team and next to dead last in value of NBA teams.

Jordan himself has been somewhat of an enigma within the African American psyche. He was once one of the investors’ that helped Spike Lee finish funding Malcolm X when the studios cut off his funding for the film. However, most of what he has been known for is the name behind the shoes that have shaped two generations of consumption by African Americans in a way that requires an entire study. I will never forget parents of African American kids in my high school allowing their children to miss the first couple periods of school in order to be the first ones at the mall to buy the shoes. Naturally, they would show up at school with these shoes for the world to see. As a result Phil Knight, the founder and owner of Nike, even in 2014 a full decade plus after Jordan’s last game still sees the company reap $2.25 billion in revenue from the Jordan brand in 2013. Michael Jordan’s “reward” for the stellar year for Nike was $90 million, which sounds great until you realize it is only 4 percent of the revenues generated. The reality is that Nike would have never been the Nike we know it to be without the Jordan brand. However, we also see why capitalism rewards the ownership of hard workers and not the hard worker. Phil Knight is worth an estimated $18.7 billion and Michael Jordan is worth an estimated $750 million or ironically enough 4 percent of Knight’s wealth.

So what is holding up more African American ownership in professional sports? Quite frankly, money, financial aptitude, and poor financial planning. Yes, despite the appearance of making lots of money. In the echelon of wealth, athletes are at best upper middle class. The top 10 earning African Americans earn only $0.07 for every $1.00 their top ten European American counterparts earn annually. In other words, the top ten African Americans earned approximately $700 million in 2012 while David Tepper, hedge fund manager, earned $2.2 billion by himself in 2013. Professional sports teams are rarely ever owned by former players. In fact, other than Michael Jordan only Carolina Panthers’ owner Jerry Richardson is a former player. The latter made his wealth not in sports, but in the food industry. His company, which he started after retiring from a short NFL career in 1961, by 1995 was the largest publicly listed company in South Carolina and owned 2 500 restaurants with over 100 000 employees. Athletes simply do not make enough for a prolonged period of time to generate the kind of wealth it would take to purchase a professional sports franchise. Not even taking into the account most of these athletes make poor investments and have egregious consumption habits as noted in ESPN’s 30 for 30 documentary. If you did not know any better you would think they were the billionaires. The reality is professional sports owners are business tycoons not athletes. Sports teams for them are another investment in their portfolio. Jerry Jones, owner of the Dallas Cowboys, also owns prime residential and retail real estate developments around Dallas, over 100 Papa Johns’ franchises, and still has major stakes in oil and gas wells just to name a few of his enterprises. Then there is Paul Allen, the wealthiest sports owner in America with a net worth of almost $16 billion, owns both the Seattle Seahawks and Portland Trailblazers. He was the co-founder of Microsoft and now is a major real estate owner in Seattle along with a large portfolio of tech, media, and energy stocks.

I could see Jamal Mashburn owning a team one day given his post-NBA career business acumen. He currently owns 71 restaurants in his portfolio and I imagine he will continue to expand his portfolio with prudence. African Americans are still too dependent on entertaining to create wealth and not our brain. There still has never been an African American present on Institutional Investors’ Alpha List that tracks the highest paid hedge fund managers annually. In 2013, to make the Alpha list you needed to have earned $380 million just to make the top ten and $900 million to make the top five. Keep in mind that all African American professional athletes combined earn $4 billion annually. Did I mention David Tepper earned $2.2 billion by himself last year? One thing remains undeniable, the power is in the “briefcase” not the ball.